The Scandinavian History Podcast

Social and political tensions in Finland intensified during 1917, as the collapse of Russian imperial rule created both hope and turmoil. Economic hardship, strikes and ideological divisions polarized Finnish society. As a result, political rivals started to arm themselves in preparation for a seemingly inevitable showdown.

In the beginning of the 20th century, the kings in Copenhagen and Stockholm struggled to come to terms with their diminishing political influence. Sometimes they overestimated their powers, causing constitutional crises threatening their thrones. But the Scandinavians had bigger fish to fry. When the First World War set Europe ablaze, they watched from the sidelines, desperat...

In the 1800s, Finland was still a part of the Russian empire. Much like in other places in Europe, a Finnish national consciousness was taking shape. But it was complicated. One complication was the competing visions for what that nation should be like. Another, was the fact that the Russians weren’t having any of it.