Indian Defence Review

Sealed inside a cave on New Zealand’s North Island by layers of volcanic ash, a collection of fossils sat untouched for more than a million years. When researchers finally excavated the site, they found remains from 16 species that no one had ever formally described before, including 12 birds and 4 frogs, most of which had already vanished lo...

The discovery began at Tillya Tepe, a site in northern Afghanistan whose name means “Hill of Gold.” Archaeologists led by Soviet researcher Viktor Sarianidi initially searched the area for ancient ruins, but their excavation revea...

The tomb of Lord Qiu, a ruler of the small state of Zeng during China’s Spring and Autumn period, dates back more than 2,600 years. Located at the Zaoshulin Cemetery in Hubei Province, the burial site has offered researchers new information about how ancient communities understood objects, rituals, and the relationship between political power and the spiritual world.

The observation offers a rare opportunity to examine how energetic light escaped from young galaxies during the closing stages of the Era of Reionization, when the neutral hydrogen that once filled the universe gradually became transparent. According to NASA, this is the first known example of such a galaxy from this point in cosmic history.

The ear...

Although Euclid was designed to investigate dark matter and dark energy by mapping distant galaxies, the mission briefly turned its attention to the Milky Way’s galactic bulge. According to the European Space Agency (ESA), the resulting dataset will provide astronomers with a long-term reference that can be used to confirm the existence of exoplanets and determine their masse...