Sustainable architecture is becoming a more important standard in modern design than ever before. Cost is also a significant factor in commercial and home design. Yet, many designers and architects recognize that less sustainable design leads to greater costs down the road.

What is Sustainable Architecture?

Sustainability is a high-profile buzzword right now. But many people are unsure of what sustainability means in architecture. According to the U.S. General Services Administration sustainable design seeks to “reduce negative impacts on the environment, and the health and comfort of building occupants, thereby improving building performance.”

The objectives of sustainable architecture are to create buildings that reduce waste. The next objective is to limit the consumption of resources and create healthy environments where inhabitants can thrive. Last, sustainable architecture leads to a building’s continued existence that is regenerative.

Paola Sassi puts the goals of sustainable architecture in more simple terms. In her book, Strategies for Sustainable Architecture, she writes about the two aims of sustainable architecture. First, it should have a soft footprint upon the earth by minimizing their impact. Second, sustainable buildings should contribute in a positive way to the social environment in their space.

6 Principles for Sustainable Architecture

The objectives for sustainability in architecture and design should impact every level of design. This includes the planning process, construction, and the continued functioning of the building. The following principles for sustainable architecture are based on Sassi’s expansive coverage of her subject.

The Building Site and Use of Land

The land is a limited resource. Under current architectural models, there is more land and resource use than necessary for healthy living. Therefore, one of the goals of sustainable architecture is to reduce the use of undeveloped green space.

It is also important to utilize areas that have been developed. Creating compact and high-density living with mixed use environments concentrates development. This creates less need to rely on cars and greater dependence on public transport.

Sustainable Architecture Project: Retrofit of a Public Housing Building – Hamilton, Ontario

Rather than tear it down, architects in Hamilton, Ontario, chose to retrofit this brutalist-style senior apartment tower built in 1967. The ERA Architects used an expansion of the European Passivhaus standards to achieve the Passivhaus EnerPHit certification.

They used thermal cladding on top of the original concrete. They also used fiberglass windows to make the building as energy efficient as possible. In addition to the reuse of a building and its energy-efficient design, the architects considered the buildings senior residents. They included a new solarium with scenic views and expanded community space.

Community Cultivation

Individual people are the building block of any society. But, it is these people operating together in a community that make a society fulfill deeper needs. Sustainable design begins in a holistic way. It is also supported by the community to create what they need to thrive.

Sustainable building design incorporates ways to create community and balance privacy at the same time. These communities care about the people in them. Therefore, they are invested in creating long-term housing, education, and resources for their members.

Sustainable Architecture Project: Residential Housing Project – Beijing, China

The Baiziwan housing development consists of 12 residential buildings connected by green spaces and raised walkways. This residential design also has more communal spaces. These include an eco-farm, children’s playgrounds, gyms, and a service center. The bottom of the buildings are integral to the public space. The bottom of the building houses shops, restaurants, senior care, and childcare facilities.

Promotion of Healthy Development

Sustainable design architecture leads to more healthful outcomes for people as well as the environment. This includes the use of materials with chemical compositions that are not harmful to people. They also create a place that leads to better mental health. This means creating spaces of comfort and relaxation.

Sustainable Architecture Project: House of Wood, Straw, and Cork – Magnago, Italy

LCA Architetti designed the House of Wood, Straw, and Cork based on designs of local barns in the area. They used a timber frame, straw insulation, and the cladding from sustainable cork. The straw insulation comes from the waste from neighboring farmers in the area. This helps to ensure that the home has minimal energy demands.

The interior of the home has a minimalist style with a palette of oak, ceramic, and stone. This is to keep the focus of the interior on the exterior through the inclusion of large windows that frame the outdoor spaces.

Materials in the Building Process

When any architect is planning a sustainable building, they must pay special attention to the materials they use. In terms of renewability, renewable resources should be given preference over non-renewable resources. The sourcing of resources should also impact both the quantity of the resource used and which place they look to purchase it.

Architects should also consider the life of the material. They must consider what will happen when the material is disposed of and the energy used to transport the material. Also, the more durable the material, the longer it will last so as not to be thrown away.

Sustainable Architecture Project: Home in the Dolomites – South Tyrol, Italy

Pedevilla Architects designed this residential space in the Dolomites. They used almost all wood in the design that is sourced from local forests and fabricated by local craftsmen.

These architects designed the walls so that they could be constructed without chemical resins or adhesives. This means, it creates a more healthful environment and that the products can be recycled after use.

They positioned the windows to frame dramatic views of the mountains and bring in light to every space.

Energy Consumption

One obvious aim for architecture sustainability is creating a more sustainable way to use energy and emit less CO2 into the air. In addition to this, sustainable design seeks to replace as much energy that it uses with renewable methods than with fossil fuels.

Architects must seek to use building materials that reduce the need for more energy while providing the same level of comfort.

Even if a zero-energy design is not possible, the building should use active systems that make the most of the energy they use.

Sustainable Architecture Project: Market Drayton MacDonald’s – Shropshire, UK

Most people do not associate MacDonald’s with zero energy design. Yet, they created the first net-zero carbon building in the UK. This does not include the menu and consumption in the restaurant, but the building itself.

They insulated the walls with British wool. The architects clad the building using recycled IT and household materials.

They create the signage in the restaurant with coffee bean waste to create a circular waste solution. Along with materials that emit less greenhouse gas, there are two wind turbines and solar panels on site to generate clean power.

The Use and Availability of Water

Another principle of sustainable architecture is the preservation of usable water. While fresh water is renewable, many environments are using more water than their area can renew and sustain from ground sources.

Therefore, the best designs in sustainability create buildings that renew and use water from other sources such as rainfall and also minimize the discharge of “black” and “gray” water into the sewage system.

Sustainable Architecture Project: Kendeda Building – Atlanta, Georgia

Miller Hull Partnership and Lord Aeck Sargent created this sustainable building design on Georgia Tech’s campus.

They used recycled and sustainable materials for its structure. Water recycling is another part of its design. In fact, this building generates more water and electricity than it can use. This building captures rainwater and treats it. They use it in sinks, showers, and drinking fountains.

The drains capture the greywater and diverts it to a wetland where they treat it and use it to support vegetation. The design also reduces the amount of water the building needs by installing composting toilets.

Conclusion

Sustainable architecture is a greater passion for some people and not others. Yet, most of us want to live in a way that sustains our world for our needs. Sustainable building practices will help ensure that this is possible for all of those who also come after us.

The post Sustainable Architecture: 6 Basic Principles for Better Design  appeared first on Homedit.

Ceiling soundproofing is the final touch to create a complete soundproof room. Techniques to help soundproof your ceiling are also helpful if you live in a shared space with noisy neighbors. Feeling annoyed because of noise is a common experience. According to a study published in BMC Public Health, it can lead to negative health outcomes as well.

Noise Concerns for Ceiling Soundproofing

There are different noise types that you should consider when soundproofing a ceiling: airborne noise and impact noise.

• Airborne Noise – Airborne noise, also called acoustic noise, is noise that travels through the air. These noise waves travel through the air until they meet with something solid like a floor. The air waves create vibrations that carry the sound through the floor and ceiling.
• Impact Noise – Impact noise, also called structural noise, is created when someone impacts a surface and creates energy that bounces off the structures around it. This means that the energy created when someone walks on the surface above you, creates vibrations that travel through the floor to the ceiling through the hard surfaces between.

Understand Your Ceiling Types Before You Begin

Whether you are starting from scratch or working with an existing ceiling, knowing your ceiling is a good starting place. There are two main types of ceilings, solid using drywall/plaster and a dropped ceiling. Solid ceilings are easier to work with because there is more mass in drywall or plaster than with suspended ceilings. Also, suspended ceilings have more space between the levels and components like pipes for sound to travel through.

Deciding the Scope for Ceiling Soundproofing

Strategies for soundproofing ceilings can be the same for new and existing ceilings depending on the scope of your project. Decide how much the noise from above bothers you to decide how much work you should do to mitigate it. Also, if you own the space above your ceiling, you can employ measures to dampen the floor noise. This means that the methods you use on the ceiling need not be as extensive.

How to Soundproof a Ceiling

If you want to create a soundproof ceiling from scratch, there are great products that can help you create a more peaceful space.

Decoupling

Decoupling is a strategy that involves separating the floor and the ceiling so that vibrations do not travel from one to the other. You can do this in several ways, but resilience channels and isolation clips applied to ceiling joists are two effective strategies.

• Resilience Channels – These are metal bars that you attach across the wood framing. The drywall is attached to the metal bar rather than the joists. This separates the path of vibrations between the drywall and the joists causing less sound transfer.
• Sound Isolation Clips – These attach to the joists in the ceiling and form a separation between the joists and the drywall.

Absorb Sound

Insulation is an effective way to absorb sound that is generated between the ceiling and the floor.

• Soundproof Insulation – Add specialty soundproof insulation, like mineral wool insulation from Rockwool. This type of insulation is the best at absorbing sound of all the existing insulations. If this kind of insulation is cost prohibitive, use a thick fiberglass insulation.
• Acoustic Panels – If you are installing a drop ceiling, you can install acoustic panels to absorb noise. You attach these panels to a metal grid that hangs below the floor joists.

Increase Mass

Increasing mass is another good way to soundproof a ceiling. The more mass a sound must pass through, the less force it has. You can increase mass with dense ceiling products or with specialty acoustic products.

• Soundproof Drywall – Soundproof drywall is a specialty product that combines standard gypsum panels with an internal barrier or viscoelastic or ceramic. One soundproof drywall panel like this one from QuietRock is denser than standard drywall which makes it more difficult for sound to travel through.

Dampen Noises

Dampening noise eliminates or reduces it from the form of energy created by sound. These products convert noise into different forms of energy like heat and which then dissipate.

• Mass-Loaded Vinyl – MLV is a vinyl sheet that is loaded with elements like metal particles to increase its mass. Layering it between two sheets of drywall is an effective way to dampen noise from the floor above.
• Green Glue Compound – This is a liquid visco-elastic compound that dampens sound similar to MLV. Layer Green Glue Compound between two layers of drywall to get the best effect.

Soundproofing Tips for Existing Ceilings

Soundproofing ceiling areas works best when you can begin at the level of the wooden joists. Yet, there are some strategies that work for existing ceilings. Some of these require construction and some of them do not.

Drop the Ceiling

If you are serious about soundproofing your existing ceiling, you can install a drop ceiling below to increase the sound absorption materials on the ceiling. You can do this in a couple of ways.

• Acoustic Ceiling Tiles – First, you can install a perimeter around your ceiling using L-channels and then T-channels to complete a grid. Add acoustic ceiling tiles to absorb the sound from the floor above. Consider products like these acoustic ceiling tiles from Armstrong.
• Add a Solid Ceiling – You can also add more sheetrock to your existing ceiling to increase the mass. Build a wood frame on the existing ceiling. Add resilience channels or sound isolation clips. Complete with a layer of soundproof sheetrock.

Dampen Sound

To get an even greater benefit from increased mass, add MLV or Green Glue Compound between two layers of sheetrock. The disadvantage of this strategy is that the more layers you add to your ceiling, the smaller your room becomes.

Absorb Sound

Add acoustic absorption panels to the ceiling like these cloud panels from Primacoustic. Pair them with wall panels to get the best effect.

Fix the Problem from Above

If you have access to the floor above, work to control noise on this level. Do this by installing large area rugs with thick rug pads. Or, use a thick rubber mat with interlocking pieces. These are easy to install and more inexpensive than other ceiling soundproofing strategies. They will limit the sound from impact noise and absorb acoustic noise from above.

Conclusion

Ceiling soundproofing is difficult since it sometimes is more dependent on the area above it than on the ceiling itself. There are strategies that can absorb and dampen the sound. Some of these methods will improve the acoustic quality of an existing ceiling, but you will be more successful if you are willing to take on a more extensive construction project.

The post All You Need to Know About Ceiling Soundproofing appeared first on Homedit.

If you’re looking to replace your roof, wood shingles can give it a classic appearance. They are thin and uniform and go on a roof similar to asphalt shingles.

Wood shingles are ideal for historic homes but require more maintenance than most other materials. They come in many shades, making them easy to match to your house. You can even purchase composite shingles if you want the wood look with lower maintenance.

Here’s what you should know about wood shingles’ price, pros, and cons.

What are Wood Shingles Made Of?

Most wood shingles are crafted from spruce, cedar, and treated pine. They can come in other species, such as white oak, redwood, black locust, and teak. Cedar is the most popular wood shingle species since it’s rot-resistant.

Manufacturers cut wood shingles to size with a machine and treat them with a special coating to withstand the elements and fire.

How Much Do Wood Shingles Cost?

Cedar wood shingles cost $9.50 – $15.50 per square foot, including installation. Other species are harder to find. So while prices will fall around the same as cedar shingles, they can cost more or less depending on your location and the type of wood.

What Kind of Maintenance Do Wood Shingles Require?

Wood is a porous material, subject to rot, decay, mold, and mildew growth if not treated with protectants and fungicides. While cedar, the most common wood shingle material, has natural weather resistance, it still benefits from an ultraviolet treatment and water repellant. These treatments last about 1-3 years, depending on the product.

Another significant aspect of wood shingle maintenance is cleaning. You must regularly remove branches, pine needles, leaves, and debris to prevent the wood from growing moss.

The Pros and Cons of Wood Shingles

If you’re considering wood shingles, here’s a breakdown of the pros and cons:

Pros:

• Appearance – Wood shingles can give your home a high-end look and work well on historic dwellings.
• Easy to install – Wood shingles go on a roof in individual pieces. While time-consuming, they aren’t difficult to install.
• Long-lasting – Wood shingles, when well maintained, have a long lifespan. For example, cedar lasts an average of 30-50 years, while teak can last as long as 80 years.

Cons:

• High-maintenance – Wood shingles are the highest maintenance roofing product, requiring preventative treatments every 1-3 years and frequent roof cleanings.
• Expensive – Wood shingles are 5-20 times the cost of a 3-tab asphalt shingle.

What’s the Difference Between Wood Shingles and Wood Shake?

While wood shingles and shakes are both roofing products, shakes have a thicker, more rustic appearance. They are hand sawed on one end for a natural, uneven look. Shingles, on the other hand, are machine cut and tapered for a uniform appearance.

What are Synthetic Wood Shingles?

If you love the beauty of wood but aren’t interested in the high maintenance, synthetic wood shingles are an option to consider. They’re a combination of recycled rubber and plastic, or polymer, depending on the brand.

Synthetic shingles, also known as composite shingles, can mimic the look of any wood species but are low-maintenance and durable against outdoor elements. At the cost of $8.50 to $14.50 per square foot, they are almost the same price as a cedar shingle. And like cedar wood shingles, you can expect synthetic shingles to last 30-50 years.

Final Thoughts

Wood shingles are a long-lasting roofing product when well maintained. But because of the high maintenance they require, they aren’t suitable for every home. Try an asphalt or composite shingle if you want the wood look with no maintenance.

If you’re going to put wood shingles on your home, clean your roof at least once per year. Even though many wood shingle materials are naturally weather-resistant, they need protective treatments every few years.

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Soundproof insulation makes a valuable contribution to any new soundproofing project. After all, you can build the best soundproofing techniques from the inside out. We cannot see soundproof insulation, but it forms the ideal foundation for a soundproof space.

Noise is a part of our daily lives, but that doesn’t mean that it is a good thing. In fact, according to the CDC, constant exposure to noise can lead to depression, anxiety, high blood pressure, heart disease, and even hearing loss. We can create a more peaceful home by just paying attention to the type of insulation that we put in our walls.

What is Soundproof Insulation?

A quick review of basics first. Insulation is a building material that creates a barrier to transmission of something from one place to another. In most cases in buildings, insulation prevents the transfer of heat. Soundproof insulation prevents the transmission of sound from one area to another. It does this by absorbing sound that strikes it so that disrupts the path of the noise.

Factors to Consider in Insulation

Insulation is an integral part of building a wall. Soundproofing is one important consideration when deciding on the best insulation for your home. But, there are other elements that can also help you choose the best overall insulation for your home.

• R-Value – The R-value in insulation measures the material’s resistance to the flow of heat. The higher the R-value, the more the particular insulation resists the transfer of heat and the better it is at insulating your home.
• NRC – The NRC value stands for Noise Reduction Coefficient. This number is most important in sound proof insulation. This number measures the insulation’s ability to absorb sound on a scale from 0.0-1.0.
• Fire Resistance – The fire resistance of insulation is that product’s ability to withstand fire for a certain period of time. Insulations made from mineral wool or fiberglass have natural fire-resistant properties.
• Allergens – Certain people have sensitivities to various products. It is important to understand what your triggers are before you install certain insulation products.
• Eco Choice – If you are an eco-conscious person, a sustainable and clean source of insulation would work best for you. Fiberglass, cellulose, cotton, and mineral wool score the highest when comparing sustainability, longevity, cost, and quality.
• Installation – Insulation comes in various forms such as bats, blankets, spray, and foam. Consider the difficulty level of installation if this is a DIY project.
• Budget – Types of insulation have different costs. In general, the higher the R-value, the more expensive the insulation.
• STC – Another important measure for soundproof insulation is the STC rating. This measures the amount of sound that the insulation blocks. The higher the STC, the more noise the material blocks.

Materials Used for Soundproof Insulation

There are various types of soundproofing insulation. The materials of these products differ, but these are the best sound insulation products on the market today.

Mineral Wool Insulation

Mineral wood insulation is made from natural stone or slag, a waste product from steel. Natural stone or slag is heated to a high temperature and spun into fibers that resemble wool. Manufacturers strengthen it with resins and oils.

• This insulation uses around 90% recycled products.
• It has a high R-value and is fire-resistant.
• It is one of the more expensive insulations and is around 10% more expensive than standard fiberglass insulation.
• It is one of the best soundproof insulations as it has a NRC between .95-1.05.
• Mineral wool insulation has one of the highest STC ratings of 45.

Fiberglass Insulation

Fiberglass insulation is made from spun fibers of heated glass mixed with plastic to make it pliable. This is a popular and cost-effective insulation and comes in batts, rolls, and loose-fill.

• This is energy-efficient insulation with a good R-value based on the thickness of the insulation.
• It is made from 30% recycled products.
• This insulation is problematic for some people’s allergies.
• This insulation has a middle-range STC of 39 on average.
• Fiberglass insulation absorbs sound well and has a high NRC rating of .9-.95.

Cotton Insulation

Fabricators create cotton insulation from cellulose fibers from denim jeans and other clothing. They bind the material in batts that are easy to install between stud boards.

• Cotton insulation has a medium-range R-value score.
• It is made from recycled products and is biodegradable.
• It does not have any natural fire resistance, but it is treated with boric acid to increase its fire resistance.
• Cotton insulation is more expensive than fiberglass insulation.
• It has a high STC rating of 51 and NRC of 1.15.

Cellulose Insulation

Cellulose insulation is made from shredded paper products like newspaper, cardboard, and other recycled paper products. Fire-retardant materials like boric acid are added to this insulation to make it fire-resistant.

• It is made from around 85% recycled products.
• It is cost-effective insulation.
• It has a good R-value above fiberglass insulation.
• Cellulose insulation has an STC rating of 39 and an NRC of .80 and above.

Foam Insulation

Foam insulation comes in many forms from spray foam to rigid boards. They are created from various types of plastics. There are both closed cellular forms and open cellular forms. The open cellular types of insulation have better noise absorption qualities. Spray foam is versatile and easy to use. It fits in awkward areas and closed off places better than batts or rolls of insulation.

• This material is not fire-resistant, but it is treated with fire-retardants.
• Spray foam has an STC rating of 39 and an NRC rating of .70.

A Buying Guide for Soundproof Insulation

We have gathered some of the most effective sound proofing insulation brands. Consider the material type, cost, and effectiveness of the product to decide which is right for you.

Rockwool Safe‘n’Sound

Many consider Rockwool the gold standard when it comes to mineral wool insulation. This is a stone wool insulation for use in interior partitions between wood or steel studs. It is fire-resistant and has excellent sound absorption qualities. Rockwool Safe’n’Sound has an STC rating between 45-52 depending on the kind of studs you use it with. The 3” to 6” insulations have a 1.05 and 1.15 NTC.

QuietBatt 30 Soundproofing Insulation

QuietBatt is a high density cotton insulation. It has fire-resistant properties and is rated Class A. It contains 80% recycled materials. This cotton insulation is easy to cut and install. QuietBatt has an NRC rating of .95.

Owens Corning Pink Next Gen Sound Attenuation Batts (SAB)

This Owens Corning fiberglass insulation comes in lightweight and easy-to-use sections. You can use these in interior wall cavities. It is available in 8-foot sections of 2 ½ to 3 ½ inch thicknesses. It is rated up to 2 hours for fire-resistance. It has STC ratings between 39-52 depending on the thickness of the types of studs you use with it.

Sanctuary® Blow-In or Spray-Applied Insulation

This is a good option if you are looking for an eco-conscious choice that still absorbs sound. Sanctuary cellulose insulation claims a 60% reduction in sound power. This is also a good option if you need insulation to fit into tiny crevices. It uses 88% recycled material. It is treated with fire-resistant material. Cellulose insulation has an STC rating of 39.

Conclusion

Soundproof insulation is not one of the most glamorous of building elements, but it is vital in creating a soundproof space. The great news is that there are so many good options for soundproof insulation. Consider the scope, budget, and needs of your project in order to choose the right one for you.

The post Your Guide to Different Types of Soundproof Insulation appeared first on Homedit.

Green roof systems contain layers of waterproof roofing materials with vegetation on top. They work for flat and low-sloped roofs.

There are three types of green roofs, each at a different price point, maintenance level, and with unique growing capabilities. Intensive green roofs are popular for creating gardening and recreation space on top of buildings, while extensive green roofs are more common on residential structures.

Here’s the difference between the types of green roof systems and what to know if you’re considering one.

What are the Three Types of Green Roofs?

There are three types of green roofs – extensive, intensive, and semi-intensive.

Extensive green roofs feature a shallow growing area of fewer than six inches. They house a limited variety of vegetation, like mosses, sedums, and grass. Since there is no need for drainage or irrigation systems on extensive green roofs, they’re the lowest maintenance and lowest cost option.

Intensive green roofs are more advanced, featuring deep soil, irrigation systems, and drainage. Because of the advanced features, intensive green roofs are ideal for growing various plants and can be used to create recreation spaces on top of buildings.

Semi-intensive roofs are a meet-in-the-middle between intensive and extensive roofs. They feature deep soil, which allows for a variety of plants. They require a medium level of maintenance and are mid-priced.

How are Green Roofs Installed?

Intensive green roofs have several layers. Extensive and semi-intensive green roofs can be built-up or installed with a tray containing soil and vegetation.

All green roofs require structural support for the weight of the soil, vegetation, and water, as well as waterproof roofing membranes.

A typical intensive green roof will have nine layers, including:

• Structural support
• Vapor control
• Insulation
• Roofing membrane support
• Waterproof and root repellent barrier
• Drainage Layer
• Filter
• Soil/Growing Medium
• Vegetation

How Much Do Green Roofs Cost?

According to the EPA, a simple extensive green roof costs as little as $10 per square foot. Intensive green roofs cost $25 per square foot. Maintenance costs for green roofs average $0.75 to $1.50 per square foot per year.

The Pros and Cons of Green Roofs

Green roofs are more than pretty. They come with many advantages, but there are some concerns, too.

Pros:

• Increased insulation – The soil and vegetation of green roofs increase a building’s insulation and can help reduce energy costs.
• Longer lifespan of the roof – A roof covered in vegetation is protected from the sun’s UV layers and lasts longer than a typical flat roof.
• Improved drainage – Green roofs can absorb water during a rainstorm. The roof releases excess water at a slow rate for better drainage.
• Improved air quality – Adding a green roof can improve air quality.
• Can create a recreation space – Intensive green roofs can create community gardens and recreation spaces in apartment buildings.

Cons:

• Structural load – Since green roofs increase the weight on the roof, they need proper support.
• Cost – A green roof is more expensive to install and maintain than a regular flat roof.
• Maintenance – While an extensive green roof is maintenance-free, an intensive roof will require a lot of care.

What Do Green Roofs Look Like?

Green roofs can take on many appearances – from rooftop vegetable growing areas to a layer of moss. Here are three examples of green roofs.

Green Roof Provides Patio Space on Spa Roof

The green roof on this spa provides a yard-like roof entertainment area. Rather than filling the roof with various plants, a simple layer of grass works for the patio-like setting.

Garden Shed with Green Roof

A simple green roof on this garden shed protects the roof from the sun’s harsh rays and adds an organic appearance. If you want to test a green roofing system, a small building like this is a great first project.

Green Roof with Decorative Shrubbery

A green roofing system provides a decorative touch to the edge of this urban building’s roof. It makes the space feel more high-end and natural.

Final Thoughts

Green roofs aren’t just for looks. They can improve air quality, reduce heating and cooling costs, and increase the lifespan of flat and low-sloped roofs.

There are three types of green roofs. Extensive green roofs are the most simple and require the least maintenance. Intensive green roofs are advanced and allow for many kinds of vegetation and recreation areas. But with advanced green roofing systems comes the time and cost of maintenance.

The post What are Green Roof Systems? appeared first on Homedit.

Tin roofing is a type of metal roof. It consists of a sheet of soft metal coated in a tinplate. Tin roofs are not as common today as they were 150 years ago. In the early 1900s, asphalt shingles entered the market, phasing tin out.

You can still purchase tin roofing, although it’s not as easy to find as corrugated metal, aluminum, and steel.

What Type of Metal is Tin?

Even though tin is a type of metal roofing, not all metal roofs are tin. Most of today’s tin roofs contain a sheet of steel treated in a protective coating called terne or “tinplate.” Terne is a lead alloy consisting of lead and about 20% tin. 

What Do Tin Roofs Look Like?

It can be hard to distinguish a tin roof from other types of metal. Unpainted tin roofs are gray or white, but you can paint them any color. These roofs are common on old barns, farmhouses, and sheds – often looking like a thin metal sheet with an aged gray or white patina.

Pros and Cons of Tin Roofs

If you’re considering tin for your home or outbuilding, here’s a look at the pros and cons.

Pros:

• Long-lasting – A tin roof can last as long as aluminum, around 50 years.
• Affordable – Tin roof comes in varying degrees of affordability – on the lower end, it’s more economical than comparable metals.
• Look – An unpainted tin roof will age to a gray patina.
• Paintable – You can paint tin or terne roofs any color.

Cons:

• Hard to find – Tin roofing products are much harder to find than steel or aluminum.
• More expensive than asphalt shingles – If you’re looking for the best bang-for-the-buck, asphalt shingles are still the way to go.

How Much Does Tin Roofing Cost?

The cost of tin roofs varies based on product and manufacturer. According to Forbes, expect to pay $300-$1,500 per sheet of tin roofing. One sheet contains 100 square feet. You’ll also need to account for labor, which averages $3,000 for residential roofing.

What Colors Does Tin Roofing Come In?

Tin roofing most often comes in a natural gray color. Left alone, the gray will age with time. But, you can paint tin roofs with oil-based paint or acrylic latex paint in any color you’d like.

Tin Roof vs. Asphalt Shingles: Which is the Better Buy?

Asphalt shingles reign dominate in terms of affordability. It costs $90 – $100 per square (100 square feet) of shingles, while tin roofing ranges from $300-$1,500 per square. Asphalt shingles are also easier to install.

When you look at longevity, tin roofs can last twice as long, sometimes even more.

Even when you factor in the lifespan of tin, asphalt shingles are less expensive. Asphalt shingles are the clear winner if you’re after a budget-friendly product. If you want a metal roof for its looks and character, tin is the better choice.

What’s the Difference Between Tin Roofing and Corrugated Metal?

Corrugated metal is steel with a wavy pattern. Corrugated roofing is inexpensive and one of the easiest types of metal to install. Tin roofing, on the other hand, is any soft metal with a terne coating. 

Final Thoughts

If you’re considering a tin roof for your home or outbuilding, you’ll have a much harder time finding it than you would other types of metal. Today’s tin roofs are called terne roofs and contain a soft metal coated in a tinplate.

The most significant advantage to using tin for your roof is that it’s a long-lasting material that you can paint any color. But since this material is harder to find, you may pay a premium.

The post Is Tin Roofing the Right Fit for Your Home? appeared first on Homedit.

Stucco repair is a task all homeowners with a stucco house will face at one point or another. The good news is, it’s a manageable task for even a novice to the DIY world.

From simple hairline cracks to repairing full sections, you can get the job done with tools you may already have in your toolkit. If you’ve got a stucco repair to make, don’t delay.

What is stucco?

Stucco is a type of cement-based construction material used as siding on the exterior of buildings. This mixture of cement, water, sand and lime has been used for centuries due to its durability and attractive finish.

A low maintenance option, its resistance to fire and weather are an added bonus. With limitless customization both in color and design, stucco meets the needs of an array of styles.

What causes stucco damage?

While there are some obvious causes to stucco damage like severe weather events or overexposure to moisture, there’s also some lesser known causes. One major cause is rooted in its application.

Rushed jobs and improper timing between coats can create failure from the start. Likewise, stucco that’s not mixed right or that doesn’t contain the correct amounts of each ingredient will fail, ending in damage.

Though some of these repairs can be prevented, all cannot. For example, a home’s natural settling process can cause cracking that’s unavoidable over time.

Tools for the Job

Depending on the size of the job, different tools will be needed. For small repairs you’ll need:

• Eye protection
• Gloves
• Hammer
• Chisel
• Bucket
• Drill Mixer or hoe
• Caulk gun
• Float
• Wire Brush

For larger repairs, you may also need:

• Wheelbarrow
• Drywall hawk
• Trowel
• Metal snips
• Spray bottle
• Scoop

Repairs to Cracks and Holes

A small stucco repair makes for an easy DIY. While some of these repairs such as hairline cracks can be mended with caulking alone, that’s not the solution for every situation. If the crack exceeds ¼ of an inch, you’ll need to follow the steps below.

1. Stucco Removal: Scrape or chisel away the old stucco, ensuring you’ve rid the area of loose pieces that aren’t secured to the lath (strips of wood that help support the stucco).
2. Mix Concrete: Prepare your concrete for application by mixing according to the exact specifications of the material chosen and manufacturers directives.
3. Application: Use a float to apply a thin layer of concrete to the cracks or holes. Let the first layer cure, then continue to apply coats until the new concrete is even with the surrounding, undamaged area. Continue letting each coat dry before the next.
4. Finish Coat: Apply a stucco finish coat over the dried base coat, using a float, wire brush or another finishing tool that can help mimic the texture of the original stucco.
5. Paint: If the stucco is painted, wait for the repaired section to dry and paint to match. If stucco isn’t painted, be sure to use a mix with the same hue for a seamless finish.

Repairs to Larger Areas or Full Walls

Repairing larger portions of stucco might seem intimidating but it’s not much different than the small repair process described above. With a few extra steps, you can repair large portions of stucco with ease.

1. Follow steps 1 and 2 from above.
2. Remove Support Layers: Examine the metal sheeting uncovered and determine if it’s salvageable. If it’s in good shape, it can be reused. If there’s visible damage or rusting, cut away the metal mesh. Nail down a layer of building paper and then replace the metal mesh, securing it with nails on top of the building paper.
3. First Application: Using a trowel, apply the first coat (scratch coat) to the metal mesh, pressing in, covering the mesh. Now use the trowel to score this layer for best adhesion of subsequent layers.
4. Second Application: Allow the first coat to cure for at least two days, misting it with water a few times a day to keep it from drying out. Now, apply the second coat (brown coat), giving it a smooth finish.
5. Follow steps 4 and 5 from above.

Please note that the instructions for all types of repairs above are general guidelines of the process. Application timing and dry times vary by product and should be followed according to the directions on your specific product for best results.

Stucco Repair Tips

Keep these tips in mind for a successful stucco project:

• If it’s a larger project, mix concrete in smaller batches. It can dry out fast, so smaller batches will equal less waste in the end.
• Check the weather as it plays a huge role in the success of stucco repairs. Extreme temperatures can cause stucco to dry too fast or prevent adhesion.
• When it comes time to paint, the more detailed the finish, the thicker napped roller you’ll need. Several coats are the best bet to ensure all grooves have been filled.

Conclusion

Stucco repair doesn’t have to be a laborious project. With the right prep work and tools for the job, it’s far more manageable than some may think. Also, knowing what causes the damage and some steps to prevention will make these projects few and far between. Regardless, when the time comes for repairing stucco big or small, you’ve got the knowledge above to get the job done right.

The post Stucco Repair: Instructions, Tips and Tricks For a Professional Finish appeared first on Homedit.

A soundproof door is the finishing touch of a soundproof room. A good quality soundproof door depends on the construction and quality of the material. It is important to know what to consider when buying soundproof doors. There are also ways to improve the soundproof quality of regular doors.

What is a Soundproof Door?

A soundproof door is one that is constructed with heavy materials which do not allow sound and vibration to pass through from one side to the other.

Masonite is a premier maker of soundproof doors. They construct their solid core doors with 70% more sound-dampening material than standard hollow core doors. In addition to the solid door construction, soundproof doors feature frames without gaps to keep sound from seeping through the holes.

If you are looking to soundproof a room, doors and windows should be a special consideration as they are often the weakest link. For a soundproof door, you can either buy a soundproof door or try to retrofit a standard door.

Sound Transmission Ratings

One of the most important considerations when looking for soundproof doors or materials to help you soundproof your door are Sound Transmission Class (STC). This number ranks materials or products according to how well they block sound. The higher the rating, the better the sound blocking qualities of that product or materials.

Solid core doors will have a higher STC rating than hollow core doors. On a practical level, retrofitting hollow doors is never going to be the same as buying a solid door. Yet, there is some improvement that you can make to create a better barrier.

Options for Soundproof Doors

When choosing a soundproof door there are a variety of materials and constructions that you can consider. A good STC range for soundproof doors is between 42 and 52 which will include the door and the frame.

Soundproof Door Construction Type

• Hollow Core Door – A hollow core door features two outer panels glued together on a wood frame. These panels cover an interior that is made from light corrugated material that helps the door retain its shape. These doors are not substantial and allow sound to vibrate through the panels. Some hollow core doors like those of MDF have a STC rating from 20-25. Yet, there are other acoustical hollow door systems that have higher STC ratings between 32-66.
• Solid Core Door – Solid core doors have two exterior panels that fabricators place onto an outer frame. These doors feature a mix of materials in the core like wood particles and glue that are heavy and solid. Doors with wood particle cores have an STC of 30-35. Doors with wood block cores have an STC of 55-60.
• Solid Wood Door – Solid wood doors have wood panels, stiles, and rails. Certain doors use just solid wood and others are a mixture of solid wood and MDF. Depending on the type of wood, some solid wood doors block sound better than others. These doors have between a 35-45 STC rating.

Material

Different materials transmit sound in a variety of ways. In general, the denser the material, the less that material will transmit sound. Fiberglass and aluminum doors have lower STC ratings as these materials are lighter. Steel, wood, and certain types of MDF are denser and have less sound transmission. More important than the type of material is how the materials are how the materials are put together and fit within the door frame.

Door Frame and Hardware

The most comprehensive soundproof door solution will include the frame in the design. This will help mitigate issues with air gaps between the frame and the door and create the best seal possible. The right hardware will also prevent air gaps in the door.

The Bottom Line Regarding Soundproof Doors

When you cut holes in the wall to create openings for doors, you are downgrading the STC of the wall. Therefore, it is vital to fill the hole with the best door for soundproofing.

For the most seamless option, look for a complete door system including the door and the frame with a high STC rating. Make sure that it fits into place with no air gaps. Include an acoustic threshold if one is not included in the system for the tightest seal around the entire door frame.

Be aware of installation errors that may result in lowering the STC of the door. Pay attention to any spaces between the door/door frame and the existing wall. Install a heavy header above the door in order to increase mass in the wall above the door.

How to Soundproof a Door

Trying to soundproof an existing door is difficult. But, you can improve the soundproof quality of any door by following certain steps.

Acoustic Door Sweep

People place door sweeps on the bottom of doors to help close the gap between the door and the floor. Manufacturers make acoustic door sweeps from specialty acoustic material that keep out sound. When you install the door sweep for acoustic purposes, place the door sweep as low to the ground as possible. Any gap will allow sound to filter through it.

Install a Threshold

Similar to an acoustic door sweep, you can install a threshold on the floor below the door to close the gap. This is like a standard threshold but it has a raised middle section of rubber. This rubber section is able to create a tight seal with the door to minimize sound leakage.

Acoustic Caulk

Companies like QuietRock make a product called acoustic caulk. They formulate this product so that it doesn’t shrink over time but stays pliable. This ensures that no gaps form over time. Use this to caulk around any gaps between the door frame and the surrounding wall.

Acoustic Weatherstripping

Air gaps around the door make it less sound proof and less energy efficient. You can apply acoustic weatherstripping around the door frame and the door if there is a gap of any size around the door. Weatherstripping, like this option from CIKKIIO, is easy to apply and effective.

Cover the Door With MLV or an Acoustic Blanket

Hanging mass-loaded vinyl (MLV) or an acoustic blanket over the door can be an effective way of soundproofing doors. Of course, this is an impractical solution if you use the door on a regular basis as you must seal the edges to get the best result. Therefore, this method should just be used if you don’t need to open or close the door often or if you must reduce the sound transmission of the door at all costs.

Conclusion

A soundproof door will enhance rather than detract from a soundproof room. If you are serious about creating a soundproof space, it is best to buy a door that has been fabricated with certain qualifications. Yet, there are ways that you can make any door more soundproof. There are multiple options you can choose whatever direction you take. Find one that works for your budget and to help your room function best.

The post Creating a Soundproof Door: Tips for New and Existing Doors appeared first on Homedit.

Knowing the best ways to soundproof flooring will help you create a more quiet home. This is not just relevant for residential spaces but in all areas where there are multiple levels.

A study from the University of Liverpool tested the impact of floor noise on subjects in that study. They found an increased level of annoyance and irritability when subjected to floor impact noises. This rose as the noise stimuli were increased. Therefore, finding the best ways to soundproof the floor that you have will also make you a calmer person and, almost as important, a better neighbor.

Soundproof Flooring Q & A

Every person’s situation is unique, so certain soundproof flooring options will work better for some than others. Answer these questions to help you understand which options will work best for you.

• Q: Do you have access to the subfloor or will you need a solution that works with an existing floor?

A: If you have access to a subfloor, you can use some type of underlayment strategy. But if you are limited to working with an existing floor, other options like carpet will work best for you.

• Q: What kind of noise are you trying to mitigate?

A: There are certain types of solutions that work best for particular noises. For example, if you generate a significant amount of noise in one area, it is most cost-effective to create a solution for the one room where you generate the most noise like the kitchen or your child’s room.

• Q: Do you own your living space?

A: If you own your home, you will be more willing to invest in solutions that may be more effective, but will also be more expensive.

• Q: Are you planning to live in your space for a significant amount of time?

A: If you are planning to live in your place for a long time, the more willing you will be to invest in a long-term soundproof flooring solution. This is even if you don’t own the place where you are living.

Understanding the Noise Problem

There are two kinds of noise that you need to understand when considering floor noise. These are air-borne sound and structure-borne noise.

• Air Borne Noise – Airborne noise is created through waves that travel through the air. When these waves strike surfaces in the room like floors, they create noise vibrations that transfer through the building. Airborne sound can come from outside as well as inside a building. Common examples of airborne noise are talking, music sounds, or television noise.
• Impact Noise – Impact noise, also called structure-borne noise, is noise generated when there is impact or energy applied to a surface that is transferred to other surfaces through the building.

Measuring Noise

Noise is measured according to two standards: Impact Insulation Class (IIC) and Sound Transmission Class (STC). The International Building Code requires materials to be at least rated 50 before they can be used in multi-family structures.

The ICC rating is a way to compare materials with how well they transfer sound based on impact. Certain floors have a higher impact score meaning that they are better able to absorb sound based on impact.

For example, stone and tile have some of the lowest IIC ratings which are both 50. These are compared to dense carpet or cork which have an IIC rating of 65. This rating shows that carpet is better able to absorb sound than stone or tile. Look for IIC ratings when considering floor soundproofing solutions.

The STC measure was designed to measure air borne sound transfer. The higher the STC rating, the more able the material to block or absorb air borne sound. The STC rating depends on the mass of the flooring type, isolation of the material through separation, and the resilience of the floor.

Soundproof Flooring Solutions for Existing Floors

Sometimes you don’t have the budget or the option to change the floor type. Therefore, you must rely on solutions that you can add to an existing floor.

Carpet Rug and Pad

A tile or stone floor does not absorb sound well on its own. By adding a thick carpet rug, you will absorb more sound and create a more comfortable surface. Thick wool or a synthetic carpet with a high pile-like shag carpet will absorb the most sound. Carpet rugs work even better if you use them together with a sound-absorbing rug pad like this one from Mohawk.

Interlocking Vinyl Floor Tiles

An interlocking floor mat created by rubber floor tiles is the perfect solution for creating a quiet gym or exercise floor. These tiles from Xspec are thick to absorb sound and create a comfortable floor that prevents injuries. They come in black but also colorful tiles. These would be a good addition to a child’s room to create a more quiet and injury free zone.

The Best Ways to Create a Soundproof Floor When Installing New Floor

If you have the option of starting with the subfloor and laying a new floor, you have more options available in order to soundproof your floor. By getting to the subfloor and joists, you can better eliminate potential noise problems before they arise.

Solve Noise Issues in the Joists

One of the biggest problems that create noise in the floor is squeaks from the pressure created by walking on the floor above.

Joist Gasket Tape

One solution for eliminating squeaky joists is using joist gasket tape. This tape creates a barrier between the joists and the subfloor. It reduces the impact of footfalls from above and ensuing squeaks.

Eliminate Gaps

Squeaks are also created if there are gaps between the subfloor and the joists. Locate the gap and place a shim board in the gap. Use a mallet to tap the shim into place so that it is secure and the squeaking disappears. You can also get rid of gaps between the joists and subfloor by connecting a screw between the two and pulling them together.

Floor Joist Isolators

Manufacturers designed floor joist isolators to fit on floor joists and separate them so that sound does not transfer from one surface to the other.

Acoustic Insulation

Acoustic insulation such as this product from Rockwool, can be applied in between the floor joists or as part of the subfloor. Acoustic insulation as part of a subfloor must be a high-density product. If you choose to apply acoustic insulation between the floor joists, use panels, rolls, or granules of a low to medium density.

Subfloor Solutions

A subfloor is the layer between the joists and the finished floor. Using multiple options can create the best layer for your finished floor.

Underlayments

The type of underlayment you choose depends on the type of finished floor you want.

• Polypropylene Foam Underlayment – This underlayment works for laminate, engineered, and solid hardwood floors. You can use it for floating, nail-down, and glued-down installations. Floor Muffler is this type of underlayment. It is 2 mm thick and has an IIC rating of 74.
• Felt Underlayment – Felt underlayments are not as cost-prohibitive as some of the other underlayment options. You can use this underlayment from Roberts on laminate, hardwood, and bamboo or any floor that doesn’t have to be glued to a subfloor. It will not work for nail-down applications.
• Cork Underlayment – There are both natural and synthetic cork underlayments. Both work well for soundproofing a floor. Natural cork and synthetic cork have good IIC ratings. Natural cork is between 51-61 and synthetic cork from 52-59. Natural and synthetic cork underlayment works with tile, stone, marble, hardwood, and laminate floors.
• Acoustic Underlayment – These are rubber underlayments that fabricators design to resist compression and remain resilient over time. The QuietSound Acoustical Underlayment has an IIC of 50 and above.

Increase Mass

Another great strategy to reduce the sound transfer between floors is to increase mass to absorb the sound. You can do this by doubling up on the subfloor material. Include a noise-proofing compound like Green Glue between the layers in order to get the most benefit from this option.

Cement boards like Durock increase the mass material of the floor. These are effective for blocking noise.

Finished Floor Options

There are five finished floor options that create the quietest floor available. These include carpet, cork, rubber, wood plastic composite, and vinyl.

Carpet

Choosing carpet for your entire floor is one of the best ways to decrease sound transfer as it absorbs sound. It also makes the floor soft so that objects hitting the floor create less impact noise. Choose thick carpet with a high pile and a thick carpet underlayment to create the quietest floor possible.

Cork

Cork is an attractive natural flooring that is sustainable and noise-reducing. Cork does tend to stain over time. Therefore, this is not as popular a solution for a top floor soundproofing material as it is as an underlayment option.

Vinyl

Vinyl tiles are a cost-effective solution for more soundproof floors. They are comfortable underfoot. As luxury vinyl tiles, they take on the look of more expensive material like hardwood. Use an underlayment with vinyl to create an effective soundproof floor.

Wood Plastic Composite (WPC)

Wood plastic composite flooring is a type of vinyl flooring with a rigid core. It contains wood fibers combined with plastic resins to create a product that has the look of wood. This is a durable and soft option for flooring.

Rubber

Rubber flooring is a practical and noise-reducing option. It is ideal for playrooms, gyms, studios, and kitchens. It is mold-resistant and slip-resistant.

Conclusion

Soundproofing flooring can seem like a complicated process. Yet, once you understand the components of a floor, you can better visualize the distinct noise-damping solutions that you can use. The best overall solution is employing multiple options to both absorb air borne sound and soften the impact of objects on the floor.

The post Effective Ways to Soundproof Flooring on All Kinds of Floors appeared first on Homedit.

The Arts and Crafts movement began as a set of ideas in England in the mid-19th century. These ideas had a broad impact on architecture and art through the end of World War I. The Arts and Crafts movement had faded by 1920. Yet, these overarching ideas remain some of the most impactful and even influence design today.

What was the Arts and Crafts Movement?

The Arts and Crafts movement began as a reaction to the Industrial Age. Artists like William Morris became disenchanted with the effects of machinery both on people and on the uniform styles that artists produced. He advocated producing goods that people valued not just producing them for production’s sake. In a lecture called the Beauty of Life he wrote, “Have nothing in your houses that you do not know to be useful or believe to be beautiful.”

These ideas brought about enthusiasm for artisan arts and crafts that had been practiced for generations. These included new interest in ceramics, textiles, metalwork, and furniture. Like its later successor, the Art Nouveau movement, many of the Arts and Crafts design motifs focused on replication of the natural world. Yet, unlike Art Nouveau, these representations were more rectilinear in form. Overall, there is a focus on craftsmanship rather than dramatic style.

The Arts and Crafts movement also gave rise to an architectural style that is still popular in the United States and England today. A furniture maker named Gustav Stickley popularized this style in the US. Through his publications in his Craftsman magazine, he educated his readers in the Arts and Crafts style. This inspired the building of simple style homes known as bungalows or craftsman homes. This movement also inspired mission-style furniture so popular on the east coast in America in the late 1890s.

The End of the Arts and Crafts Movement

The Arts and Crafts movement lasted until just after World War I. This was when interest waned due to the cost of producing these elements compared with mass production. Yet, it lived on in other movements throughout Europe including Art Nouveau in France and Belgium, Jugendstil in Germany, and Sezessionstil in Austria. There is also revitalized interest in Arts and Craft design ideas in interior design and architecture as evidenced with the cottagecore movement.

Arts and Crafts Design Elements

The elements of Arts and Crafts style homes and other art forms have characteristics that are helpful to understand.

• Use of stylized natural and organic themes
• High-quality natural elements and the best quality craftsmanship
• Use of earth-toned colors and dark stains for home interiors and furniture
• Small to medium sized homes with open floor plans with exteriors of wood, brick, stone, and stucco and triangular corbels.
• Interior elements such as built-in shelves, benches, and fireplaces to create a warm and intimate space.
• Use of decorative glass such as stained glass in furniture and windows

Examples of Arts and Crafts Design

We have gathered some examples of the Arts and Crafts style in architecture as well as other decorative arts.

Drawing Room of The Red House

The Red House was the home of William Morris and his family and designed by Philip Webb. He designed it in the medieval style to celebrate the artisan crafts of these times. Morris, his wife Jane, and Edward Burne-Jones designed the interior rooms.

This room may seem elaborate to our eyes. Yet, this was a pared-down style from the predominant Victorian style of the era. Notice the use of rich colors, furniture with simple lines, exposed wooden beams, brick fireplace, and built-in bookcases.

Altar Table

This is an example of Arts and Crafts furniture which is an altar table. It was designed by Philip Webb and built by John Garrett and Sons in 1897. It utilizes natural floral motifs, earth tones, and superb craftsmanship.

Gamble House

The Gamble House was designed in 1908 by Charles and Henry Greene. They designed it for David and Mary Gamble of the Procter and Gamble Company. This home stands as a prime example of the Arts and Crafts movement in the United States.

It features low-pitched roofs, cedar shake siding that blends with the exterior spaces, and dark wood interiors. Consider the earth-toned entry with the gorgeous stained glass window, dark wooden millwork, and deep colored rugs.

Marigold Wallpaper

This wallpaper design is called ‘Marigold’ and was designed by William Morris in 1875. It was reimagined by preeminent English cottage style designer, Ben Pentreath.

Abernathy-Shaw House

The Abernathy-Shaw house resides in the Silk Stocking District of Talladega, Alabama. This Arts and Crafts house was constructed in 1908 and features many characteristics of the Arts and Crafts style. The architects utilized stucco, wood, and stone on the exterior. They also included a large porch, generous-sized windows, and wooden corbels to support the decorative structure inside the gable.

Conclusion

The Arts and Crafts movement was an important balance to the shift towards mechanization. It died out because of the ease and low cost of machine creation. Yet, the ideas of the Arts and Crafts movement have lived on in various iterations in architecture and art. Its authenticity of style and philosophy will allow the character of the movement to last for years to come.

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A jerkinhead roof looks like a standard gable roof from the sides but has a clipped overhang on each end.

Jerkinhead roofs are typical for Tudor-style houses, but you can also find them in some craftsman, Queen Anne, and stick-style homes. Their unique shape makes them more structurally sound while also acting as a design detail.

If you’re considering a jerkinhead roof for your home, here are some examples, pros, and cons.

What is a Jerkinhead Roof Design?

A jerkinhead roof combines two styles – a gable and a hipped roof. Gable roofs feature two slopes, resembling a triangle. Hipped roofs feature four sloping sides that meet at a ridge or peak.

A jerkinhead roof looks like a gable roof on the sides, with two slopes that meet at a ridge. In the front and back is a hipped section much shorter than the sides, giving the roof an asymmetrical look.

Pros and Cons of a Jerkinhead Roof

The jerkinhead roof offers a traditional look but comes with pros and cons.

Pros:

• Increased stability – The hipped ends of a jerkinhead roof provide more strength and resistance against high winds than a standard gable roof.
• Doesn’t cut into top floor space – One of the downsides of a traditional hip roof is that it eliminates top floor space with its angles. A jerkinhead roof only features hipped sides on the front and back, allowing for a sizable top floor or attic.
• Less prone to leaks than hip roofs – Since the hipped sections of a jerkinhead roof are clipped, they have much shorter seams and are less likely to leak than a standard hip roof.
• Aesthetics – Jerkinhead roofs give homes a traditional or historic look.

Cons:

• Expensive to build – The jerkinhead roof will require more labor and material costs than a standard gable roof.
• More complex repairs – The design of the jerkinhead roof makes them more challenging to access and repair.

Jerkinhead Roof vs. Hip Roof: Which is Better?

A hip roof features four sloping sides that are self-bracing. Because of the self-bracing features, hip roofs are superior at withstanding high winds. The biggest con to hip roofs is that their many seams create space for leaks.

A jerkinhead roof features a gable roof design with two sloping sides – only the ends of the roof have hipped sections which are clipped short. The hip additions help the roof withstand wind, but not as well as a traditional hip roof.

Both roofs have merits, and the choice typically comes down to aesthetics. Jerkinhead roofs are the best choice for a historical, traditional look. The look of standard hip roofs can work for all home styles but are most popular for tropical homes. 

Jerkinhead Roof Examples

Here are some examples if you’re wondering what a jerkinhead roof looks like.

Craftsman Bungalow with Jerkinhead Roof

The jerkinhead roof on the top of this craftsman bungalow draws your eye up. It also provides shade over the upper windows.

Wood Home with a Jerkinhead Roof

A jerkinhead or clipped gable roof sits atop this wood home in Denver, Colorado. The roof gives the house a traditional feel and complements its rustic wood siding.

Jerkinhead Roof on English Country Home

Jerkinhead roofs are typical for English-style homes. The architects of this home added several clipped gable roofs for a traditional look.

Jerkinhead Roof on Two-Story Home

The homeowners chose a shingle jerkinhead roof for this home which helps give it a historic look. The home features an intricate roof design, combining many styles.

Final Thoughts

Jerkinhead roofs provide a traditional aesthetic while increasing durability and wind resistance. They combine the features of a standard gable and hip roof for a unique look with short, clipped sections on two ends.

While a Jerkinhead is a good choice for a Tudor, craftsman, Queen Anne, and stick style home, they are more expensive and complicated to maintain than other roofs. But, if you want to stick with a historical look for your house, they’re one of the best options to consider. 

The post What is a Jerkinhead Roof? appeared first on Homedit.

If you live in a noisy urban area, knowing how to soundproof windows can help you create a more peaceful home. Noise is on the rise. And the fact that most noise is out of our control can make us feel helpless to deal with it. This can make us irritated and angry.

In fact, noise is not just annoying. According to a study reported by the National Institute of Health, noise can affect our cognitive function. There are steps that you can take to reduce indoor noise that is coming through your windows. Taking these steps will not just help decrease the noise in your home, it will help you take some agency over the problem.

How to Soundproof Windows: Questions to Consider

This article will detail several ways regarding how to soundproof windows. Some of them are more effective than others. But, they will all reduce the noise coming through your windows to some degree. It is important to understand the type of noise that you are facing.

Is the noise constant or does it just happen at certain times of day?

Does the noise have a high pitch or a low pitch?

Does the noise bother you so much that you are willing to spend money to reduce the problem?

How loud is the noise?

After answering these questions, you will better understand which solutions will work best for your situation.

Measuring Sound Levels

Experts in the industry measure different acoustic surfaces according to their Standard Transmission Class (STC). The STC score of a surface is its ability to reduce the force or value of sound. The higher the STC, the better the surfaces’ ability to reduce sound coming through it. The rating for a typical single pane of glass is between 18-20. This is a low score which shows that it does not create a good sound barrier. The soundproofing window options will increase the STC level and reduce the noise coming through the window.

Solutions for Soundproofing Windows

There are a wide range of options that work for every budget. The best way to soundproof windows is to layer these options to get the best sound absorption.

Acoustic Caulk

Acoustic caulk like, unlike standard, stays soft and does not shrink. This will prevent noise leakages over a longer period. To apply, clean the area around your window molding. Look for any gaps that noise or air can come through.

Place the caulk in a caulk gun and cut the tip off the tube. Squeeze the caulk gun and run a bead of caulk along the seams that you need to cover. Clean up with soap and water.

Try an acoustic caulk like this version from Green Glue which will increase the STC score of your windows.

Related: Soundproof Drywall

Weather Stripping

Weatherstripping functions much the same way as caulk, though it is less permanent. It can also be used together with caulk to make your window more energy efficient and noise-blocking. Clean your window frame and look for any gaps where the window and the frame meet.

The Adhesive Seal Strip Weatherstrip from Cikkiio is easy to install by removing the back strip from the adhesive side.

Weatherstripping is easy for anyone to use. Cut it with a knife or scissor and shape to any length.

Noise-Blocking Curtains

Noise reduction curtains are a great solution for soundproofing windows because curtains are also useful for other things. These curtains from NICETOWN are not just noise-reducing, they are also blackout curtains.

Acoustic curtains have a detachable felt liner that absorbs noise coming through the window.

The thicker the folds of the curtains, the better the sound absorption. Therefore, buying more panels for your window will create a better layer to absorb more sound.

Blinds and Shades

Window blinds or shades can help with noise absorption. According to Hunter Douglas, their Duette Honeycomb Shades absorb up to 70% of sound energy. Also, if you prefer the look of Roman shades, try options with heavy fabric that will absorb more sound.

You can use blinds or shades to soundproof a window on their own. Or, you can use them in conjunction with noise-blocking curtains to increase the efficacy of your window coverings.

Window Plug

This is a DIY solution that is great for keeping noise at bay, but it is not meant for permanent use as it covers the window. Window plugs are sound barriers that fit inside the window frame.

Cut a thin board, acoustic mat, and acoustic foam the same shape as your window.

Make sure they fit well inside the window frame to ensure better sound damping. Attach the mat and the acoustic foam to the thin board with bond or spray glue. Attach a handle to the other side of the plug so that you can maneuver the plug into the window.

Double-Pane Windows

Double-pane windows, also called double-glazed, have two panes of glass in each window. They are separated by a spacer material like dry air or argon. Double-glazed windows are more energy efficient. They are also a more soundproof window than single pane windows having an STC score of 28-34.

There are many options for specific thicknesses and types of glass to consider. Some are built for reducing noise. According to Brennan, some of the best double pane window options for reducing noise are those with dissimilar glass or with one with laminated glass on the exterior. These windows will save you money in the long run as your heating and cooling bills will decrease, but they are an expensive option for soundproofing.

Storm Windows

If you don’t have the budget or you can’t replace all of your windows, storm windows are another option. These windows go over your existing windows on the outside. There are storm windows with specialized acoustic glass that work better than standard glass. There are various levels of glazing and soundproofing available according to your needs.

Window Inserts

If you aren’t ready to replace your windows or add new ones, you could consider window inserts. These are window inserts with acoustic glass that you apply over your existing window. These from Acoustical Surfaces are customizable. Once they are applied over the window, they blend in making it difficult to notice them apart from the window.

They have options for double-hung windows, casement windows, and fixed windows with STC scores up to 51.

Conclusion

There are creative ways to soundproof windows that range according to cost and how invasive the solutions are. Reducing the noise in your help will allow you to create a more calm space where your family can relax and thrive. Knowing the best ways to soundproof your windows gives you multiple options to create a solution that works for any budget.

The post How To Soundproof Windows: 7 Ways That Work appeared first on Homedit.

A roof membrane is a roofing system for flat and low-sloped roofs. They are often thin, single layers of material, but thicker, built-up roofs also fall into this category.

Roofing membranes are common in commercial spaces and on RVs, but you can also use them on residential roofs if the slope is less than 3:12. They provide a watertight seal and, depending on the material, can last up to 30 years.

If you’re considering membrane roofing for your project, here’s what you should know about the different types, costs, and lifespan.

5 Types of Roof Membranes

Roof membranes aren’t one material – instead, they’re a system for flat roofs. Here are the 5 types to choose from:

1. TPO Single-Ply Roof Membrane – TPO stands for thermoplastic polyolefin. It’s heat weldable and one of the most affordable single-ply roofing membranes for commercial buildings. TPO is also reflective, which can help cut air conditioning costs making it a good choice for hot climates.
2. EPDM Membrane  – EPDM stands for ethylene propylene diene monomer. It’s a single-ply synthetic rubber roofing membrane that works well in cold, snowy areas. Since it’s elastic, it can freeze and thaw without cracking.
3. PVC Roofing Membrane – PVC roofing is a strong roofing membrane that’s durable and puncture resistant. It helps reflect heat, making it ideal for warm climates. It’s typical in airports and restaurants.
4. Built-Up Roofs (BUR) – Built-Up Roofs, also known as tar and gravel roofs, consist of many layers of alternating material. At the base is a sheet of insulation followed by alternating layers of ply sheet and bitumen, topped with an aggregate such as stone or gravel. Thanks to the many layers, BURs are long-lasting.
5. Modified Bitumen – Modified bitumen is a type of rolled roofing that combines asphalt with rubber and fiberglass reinforcements. Modified bitumen isn’t single-ply but is flexible and watertight.

How Much Does a Roof Membrane Cost?

The cost of a roof membrane varies by location, method of application, condition of the roof, and size. Here’s a look at the average cost of roof membranes, including installation:

• TPO Roof Membrane: $4.50 – $14 per square foot
• EPDM Membrane: $4.25 – $12 per square foot
• PVC Membrane: $5.25 – $12.50 per square foot
• Built-Up Roof: $3.50 – $7 per square foot
• Modified Bitumen: $4 – $8 per square foot

According to Forbes, the average flat roof repair is $700. Some common flat roof repairs include fixing the drip edges, fixing seams, and repairing sags.

How Long Do Roof Membranes Last?

The length of time a roofing membrane will last depends on the type, maintenance, and climate. For example, a Built-Up Roof can last 15-30 years, while modified bitumen and PVC last 20 years. A TPO roof will last 7-15 years, and an EPDM roof will last about 15 years.

What’s the Difference Between Thermoset and Thermoplastic Roof Membranes?

A thermoset roof membrane refers to how the strips of roofing attach to each other. The strips chemically bond together, forming one large sheet rather than a roof with many seams. The most common type of thermoset roofing membrane is EPDM.

Thermoplastic roofing membranes are plastic. When attached to the roof, the sheets don’t chemically combine. Instead, the strips connect via heat or solvent. Two of the most popular thermoplastic roofing systems are TPO and PVC.

Final Thoughts

If you have a flat or low-pitched roof, there are many options for covering it. You want to select something appropriate for your climate, that’s watertight, and within your budget. If you live in a hot climate, look for a material with a reflective surface that will help save money on air conditioning.

A roof that can freeze and thaw without cracking is a priority for cold or snowy climates. EPDM is one example. Consult with a roofing contractor before making your final selection.

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Is soundproof drywall worth the extra cost? After all, soundproof drywall is much more expensive than regular drywall. Specific drywall for soundproofing is a specialized product that may be worth the extra money depending on the scope and function of your new room.

Soundproofing your room is also good for your overall well-being. Controlling noise in your home will make your home a more peaceful place. It will also allow early birds and night owls to function well in the same house. According to a study by the National Institute of Health, limiting the noise while people sleep will lead to better quality of sleep.

What is Soundproof Drywall?

Soundproof drywall, also known as pre-damped drywall or acoustic drywall, is constructed in a unique way from standard drywall. Manufacturers create standard drywall with a combination of gypsum, clay, and mica between two thin layers of paper.

Soundproof drywall has multiple layers of drywall with a sound-deadening barrier between them. This internal barrier can be viscoelastics or ceramics. Because sound travels along hard surfaces, the internal layer absorbs sound. This makes soundproofing drywall better than multiple layers of drywall for soundproofing.

Sound Transmission Class (STC)

The most important question people ask when determining if they should use soundproofing drywall is, does it work? The short answer is yes. Piece for piece, soundproofing drywall is more effective at dampening sound than standard drywall.

When deciding which is the best soundproofing drywall to use, it is important to understand the Standard Transmission Class (STC) score of a particular drywall. The STC score was developed in 1961. This number score measures how much sound is blocked by going through a particular material. Therefore, the higher the score, the more sound is blocked. A soundproofing score of 20 would mean that you could hear almost everything in the next room, but a score of 60 would be an excellent rating.

Not all sounds are measured by the STC scale. The STC measures sounds between 125 and 4000 Hz, though many sounds fall below or above this range. If you need to consider low-frequency sounds like deep male voices or bass guitars, you will need to consider other measures than STC. This is the same for high-frequency noises above 4000 Hz.

Standard Drywall vs Soundproof Drywall

The level of soundproofing you need depends on the project that you have in mind. For example, regular drywall over wood studs has an STC score of 33. Two sheets of drywall (one on either side of the wall) with fiberglass insulation between them has an STC of around 44. This is a good standard for regular homes.

If you are creating a home theater or a room for your son’s band to practice in every day, this level may not be acceptable. Many soundproof drywall sheets alone have STC scores of 50-80 alone. The higher the STC score, the higher the price tag for the soundproofing drywall.

Cost of Soundproof Drywall

The price of soundproof drywall varies by type and by size. The average price for acoustic sheetrock is around $40 per panel. This is around double the price for a regular sheetrock panel which ranges from $12-$20.

Deciding Which Kind of Drywall to Use

There are various considerations when deciding if you want to use standard sheetrock or soundproof sheetrock. Each is personal and should be decided on a case by case basis.

• Cost – The price tag of soundproof sheetrock is much higher than for standard sheetrock. Depending on the size of your room, the cost of this specialized acoustic drywall may be more than you want to spend.
• Frequency of Use – The number of times that the room will be used can help you determine if the extra cost is worth it. Rooms that are used every day compared to just once a week will have different considerations.
• Level of Noise – The level of noise that will exist in the room is an important component of your decision. The higher the level of noise, the more important it is to employ measures to limit the sound.
• Location – The location of the room in the house will help determine the type of sheetrock to use. If your new home theater is located in the basement, the floor will also help provide a barrier to the sound. But if you put it in a room that is on the same level as your other rooms, you may need an extra sound barrier to allow others in the adjoining rooms to live without the constant noise.
• Comfort Level – Every person has a different level of discomfort with noise. A person with deep sensitivities to noise will be more willing to spend the extra money to be more comfortable.
• Noise Restrictions and Neighbors – Be aware of the noise ordinances in your area. Also, even if the noise of your daughter’s beginning violin practice does not violate a city noise ordinance, be sensitive to the peace of your neighbors.

Popular Brands of Soundproof Drywall

There are three common brands that many consider the best drywall for soundproofing. These are Quietrock, CertainTeed, and National Gypsum’s SoundBreak. Here is a rundown of each type and the specific products in each.

QuietRock Drywall

Pabco Gypsum owns Quietrock sheetrock which was first developed in 2003. Quietrock uses “thin wall technology” so that you don’t have to sacrifice floor space to have better sound damping. They have acoustic sheetrock that measures from ½”, ⅝”, and 1 ⅜” thicknesses.

*STC: Dependent on the type of frame (wood or steel). Wood frames produce a higher STC score.

CertainTeed Acoustic Drywall

The CertainTeed noise-reducing drywall features a viscoelastic polymer between two sheets of rigid gypsum. Both of their two types of acoustic sheetrock have 100% recycled mold and moisture resistant paper. This will lead to better quality indoor air. Both products also are easy to score and to snap which lead to faster installation times.

*STC: Based on the type of frame (wood or steel) and on the type of drywall and insulation of the facing wall.

National Gypsum SoundBreak

National Gypsum features Gold Bond building products including Gold Bond Soundbreak acoustical panels. These feature a viscoelastic damping polymer between two layers of mold-resistant gypsum board. These boards have a high-density gypsum core that is held between layers of their trademark PURPLE paper. This paper is 100% recycled and is mold, mildew, and moisture resistant.

*STC: Based on the type of frame (wood or steel) and on the type of drywall and insulation of the facing wall.

+You place retrofit boards over existing sheetrock, so the STC depends on the sheetrock and insulation under the retrofit board.

Conclusion

Soundproof drywall is an expensive option, but it can be the best choice for people who are serious about sound levels in their home. Yet, acoustic sheetrock does not work for every sound.

Very high or low-frequency sounds need to be controlled in other ways like decoupling the walls and special insulation. By the end of your soundproofing journey, you will have a more calm and peaceful home. Your neighbors will be happier too.

The post Soundproof Drywall: What is it and Does it Work? appeared first on Homedit.

A built-up roof, or BUR, is a roofing system for flat or low-pitched roofs. BURs combine several layers of material built on top of each other.

These roofs have been around for over 100 years, although the material contractors use today differs from what you’d see a century ago. And since you can’t use traditional asphalt shingles on flat roofs, BURs are among the top roofing choices.

Here’s what you should know if you’re considering a built-up roof for your project.

What is Built-Up Roofing Made Of?

At a basic level, built-up roofs have at least three materials: ply sheets, layers of bitumen or asphalt, and a surfacing material like stone or gravel. 

A modern BUR’s base is thick roof insulation with a cover board. On top of the board are alternating layers of bitumen and ply sheets, such as roof felt. The bitumen can be “cold,” which means an adhesive application, or “hot” applied with a torch. The top layer is a surface material such as small stones or gravel. 

Some BURs, especially in commercial spaces, have a UV layer under the aggregate for heat resistance.

Are Built-Up Roofs Good?

Built-up roofs are one of the top choices for flat and low-sloped buildings. The insulation sheets increase a home or building’s energy efficiency, while the aggregate at the top of the roof is fire resistant. 

The alternating layers provide a tight seal that protects against water leaks. 

How Long Do Built-Up Roofs Last?

The average built-up roof will last from 15-30 years, but if well maintained and in an area with a mild climate, it can last for up to 40 years. 

Factors that decrease the time a BUR will last include cold and snowy climates, air conditioning units that sit on top of the roof, and pooling water. To maintain a BUR roof and increase longevity, ensure proper drainage and deal with pooling water as quickly as possible.

You should inspect a BUR at least twice yearly to look for cracks, pooling, blistering, split joints, and other signs of damage.

What are the Pros and Cons of BUR Roofs?

If you’re considering a built-up roof for your project, here’s a look at the pros and cons.

Pros:

• Multiple layers offer superior protection – The multiple layers on a built-up roofing system protect a building from water leaks.
• Energy efficiency – Modern built-up roofs contain a thick layer of roof insulation at the base, boosting the energy efficiency of the building.
• Fire resistant – BUR roofs are fire resistant thanks to the aggregate used.
• Long-lasting – A BUR roof is the longest-lasting flat roof material with a lifespan of 15-30 years.

Cons:

• Toxic fumes during installation – A BUR roof installed with a “hot” method can release toxic fumes during installation.
• Cracks – If you live in an area with cold winters, you’ll be more susceptible to your roof cracking. The most common cause of cracks is water freezing and thawing on the roof.

How Much Do BUR Roofs Cost?

BUR roofs cost an average of $3.50 to $7 per square foot installed. While the roofing material is inexpensive, the labor cost drives the price up. The actual cost will depend on the materials, the slope of your roof, and your location.

BUR vs. Modified Bitumen Roof: Which is Better?

Modified Bitumen is asphalt combined with additives such as rubber or plastic and reinforced with fiberglass. It comes in rolls; you can apply it to a roof with heat, adhesive, or self-adhesive membranes. Modified bitumen is flexible and waterproof, making it ideal for flat and low-sloped roofs.

Like BUR, modified bitumen can also be applied in a multi-layer fashion or in two layers. Modified Bitumen is easier to DIY, while BUR requires professional installation.

Built-up roofing systems tend to last longer than modified bitumen. But, both materials are durable and efficient for flat and low-sloped roofs. If you’re not sure which is better for your structure, consult with an experienced contractor.

Final Thoughts

Built-up roofs contain several layers of roofing material, starting with a thick sheet of insulation at the base. These roofs alternate between ply felt and bitumen or asphalt, topped with an aggregate. These materials protect flat and low-sloped roofing systems from leaks and increase energy efficiency.

BURs are one of the top choices in durability and longevity if you have a flat roof. One of the next best options is a modified bitumen roof which provides similar benefits.

The post What is a Built-Up Roof? appeared first on Homedit.

Roll roofing is a thin asphalt-based product that can replace standard shingles. It comes in rolls that are one square, equal to 100 square feet.

Roll roofing products are standard for low-sloped roofs, but you can also add them to lean-to additions, sheds, and outbuildings. Since roll roofing is inexpensive, some homeowners use it while saving up for a permanent roof replacement.

Roll roofing is easy to install but not ideal for every situation. Here’s what you need to know before adding it to your structure.

What is Roll Roofing Made Of?

While there’s more than one type of roofing that comes in sheets or rolls (like rubber and Bitumen), most often, the term roll roofing refers to an asphalt-based product that’s mineral surfaced and reinforced with fiberglass. Roll roofing is also known as MSR, rolled composition roofing, and rolled comp roof.

Can You Use Rolled Roofing on a House?

The best uses for roll roofing are on uninhabited residential structures – gazebos, sheds, outbuildings, and garages. You can also use rolled roofing as a temporary roofing solution or on low-slope roofs. 

Check the product label if you use roll roofing on a low slope. Many roll roofing materials are for stuctures with at least a 2:12 slope and proper drainage.

The Pros and Cons of Rolled Roofing

Roll roofing is not for every application. Here’s a look at the pros and cons.

Pros:

• Inexpensive – You can buy rolled roofing for about $50 per square (100 square feet.) Even the most basic asphalt shingle will cost double.
• Easy to install – There are several ways to install rolled roofing, including adhesive, nails, self-adhesive strips, and heat.
• Works as a temporary roof – With the low cost and ease of installation, rolled roofing can work as a temporary solution while you save for a better roof replacement.
• You can place it over old shingles – If your current roof is leaking, you can place rolled roofing over old shingles as long as you clean the area first.

Cons:

• Short lifespan – Rolled roofs only last an average of 5-8 years which is far shorter than the 20-50 years of other roofing materials.
• Less durable than shingles – Since rolled roofing is one large sheet rather than overlapping shingles, it’s not as durable and is at risk of rips.
• Aesthetics – You can find rolled roofing in black, white, or brown. There are limited color and design options.
• Resale value – Rolled roofing is one of the least desirable materials and can hurt the resale value of your home.

Types of Rolled Roofing

There are several methods of installation for rolled roofing. No matter the one you’re working with, you’ll need to start by cleaning off the roof. Then, you can install it based on the instructions for the type you’re working with.

These are the most common types of rolled roofing:

• Peel and stick rolled roofing
• Glue down roll roofing
• Nail down rolled roof (Don’t use this type on flat roofs)
• Torch down roll roofing

Rolled Roofing vs. Shingles: Which is Better?

Shingles are the most popular roofing material worldwide. They’re inexpensive, easy to install, come in many design choices, and last at least 20 years. Shingles provide superior durability and add to the look of a home. They are a clear winner over rolled roofing.

Rolled roofing is less expensive than shingles. According to Forbes, even the most basic 3-tab asphalt shingles will cost $100-$200 per square. Rolled roofing averages $50 per square. So, while asphalt shingles are the more durable, longer-lasting choice, rolled roofing is the better option if you’re working with a tight budget.

Modified Bitumen vs. Rolled Roofing

Modified Bitumen is an asphalt roofing product mixed with rubber or plastic and reinforced with fiberglass. It also comes in rolls and can be hot or cold adhered. 

Modified Bitumen is more durable and can last as long as 20 years. On the other hand, rolled roofing consists of a thin asphalt-based sheet and lasts only 5-8 years. 

Modified Bitumen is a better choice if you’re covering a flat or low-sloped roof and are looking for longevity. If you need a temporary roofing solution or want to go with the cheapest product, rolled roofing is the way to go.

Final Thoughts

If you’re looking for an inexpensive roofing material that you can install yourself, roll roofing is hard to beat. But it’s not suitable for every situation. Roll roofing works best on outbuildings and as a temporary solution on residential homes.

If you’re preparing to redo a flat roof and are looking for longevity, try modified Bitumen. It will better protect the structure and last more than twice as long.

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Art Nouveau architecture flourished as a decorative building style between the 1890s to the early 1910s. It was prominent in Europe and the United States. Art Nouveau architecture is a style that is recognizable for its use of natural themes, stained glass, and its broad use of arches and curves.

This architectural style was part of a larger movement in all forms of art. It was short-lived, but it dominated the art scene while it lasted. It also made a lasting impression and influenced other art movements throughout later decades.

What is Art Nouveau?

The Art Nouveau movement came on the heels of the industrial age. During the early 19th century, designers were used to conforming to strict patterns of style in both architecture and design. Artists and critics like John Ruskin in England criticized the imitative and traditional rules that had dominated art and architecture for many years.

According to the Victoria & Albert Museum in London, the artists of Art Nouveau were “filled with a passionate urge to revolutionize the tired historicism in architecture and design.” Thus, Art Nouveau design was a departure from the previous defined and historic style. The term Art Nouveau means “new art” and came from a Parisian art gallery owned by Siegfried Samuel Bing called Maison de L’Art Nouveau. This style was prominent in other areas of Europe but was known under other names.

Art Nouveau architects looked to nature for their inspiration. These architects used inspirations from nature to inform every aspect of the design from hand railings to the shape of the windows. The Art Nouveau style informed the exterior of the building, but interior Art Nouveau architecture was also considered important. There was Art Nouveau wallpaper, furniture, and tableware that was designed to heighten the overall experience of the design.

Art Nouveau’s Legacy

Art Nouveau as an artistic and architectural movement was brief, lasting just under 25 years. One reason that it faded was the high cost of the building construction. Also, the start of World War I led to the need for more utility and ease of building. This later morphed into the Art Deco movement.

Yet, Art Nouveau has had a lasting impact on art styles of other decades. For example, Art Nouveau themes were later used in both Pop Art and Optical Art of the mid-20th century and in the psychedelic movement of the 1960s. It also became recognized as a Modern art movement with major exhibitions at the Museum of Modern Art in New York and at the Musee D’Art Moderne in Paris. These elevated what some saw as a passing phase to a true artistic movement that was unique for its time.

Art Nouveau Architecture Characteristics

Art nouveau architecture, like the other art examples of this style, have distinct characteristics.

• Use of natural and organic themes for decorations to create beauty and increase the dramatic style of the building. These included the use of plants, flowers, and the female form.
• Asymmetrical elements throughout the design
• Use of arches and curves; notice the use of whiplash curves that create an overall look of movement
• Decorative stained glass
• Inspired by Japonisme, or the influence of Japanese themed woodcuts
• Use of jeweled tones and brilliant gold
• Immersive design for the exterior and interior of the building

Art Nouveau Architecture Examples

Here are a few classic examples of Art Nouveau architecture found throughout Europe and the United States.

Paris Metro – Paris, Frances

From 1900-1913, Hector Guimard designed this and other Paris metro entrances. He uses stylized wrought iron shaped into drooping flowers and intertwined vines. His use of the Art Nouveau style helped popularize it in Parisian culture. It also offered a welcome differentiation from the regular Haussmann architecture so standard throughout the city.

The Applied Arts Museum – Budapest, Hungary

The Applied Arts Museum in Budapest was designed by Hungarian architect Odon Lechner in 1896. It features an intricate green and yellow tiled roof with gorgeous domes and delicate spires.

The wall facades feature distinct colors of brick to create designs that feature arched and floral motifs.

The Gresham Palace – Budapest, Hungary

The Gresham Palace Hotel was designed in 1906 by an architecture firm run by Zsigmund Quittner. It was designed for the Gresham Insurance Company of London to replace another structure and create a more imposing presence.

The building suffered a decline during the war years. It was bought by the Four Seasons in 2011 and turned into a luxury hotel.

Hotel Tassel – Brussels, Belgium

Victor Orth designed the Tassel House beginning in 1892. While the exterior of the home was more conventional in style, the interior spaces show true Art Nouveau innovation.

The interior of this staircase shows the whiplash curves in the wrought iron balusters under the handrail. This detail is mirrored in the wall decorations that move up the stairway.

Stairway of the Riga Art Nouveau Museum – Riga, Latvia

Riga, Latvia is one of the best cities to see examples of Art Nouveau architecture. The Riga Art Nouveau Museum used to be the Peksens House. Here, you can see a glorious example of elaborate Art Nouveau styling.

Guaranty Building – Buffalo, New York

Louis Sullivan was one of the most famous American Art Nouveau architects. He designed and built this gorgeous Guaranty Building from 1984-1896.

The building has a facade of terracotta with intricate and elaborate detailing.

Conclusion

Art Nouveau architecture is unlike any other building style before or after it. It exemplifies an important period in art in the years before World War I.

It lasted a brief 25 years, but buildings in the Art Nouveau style are prized in Europe and the United States for their unique and elaborate style.

The post Art Nouveau Architecture: Understanding Its Defining Features and Style appeared first on Homedit.

A clerestory roof is a vertical wall with a row of windows above the roof line. These roofs feature two sloping sides – one under the row of windows and one on top.

The purpose of a clerestory roof is to maximize natural light and allow for ventilation. But, even though these roofs add to the looks and function of a home, they require a lot of maintenance.

Here’s what you should know before adding a clerestory roof to your home.

What is a Clerestory Roof Design?

A clerestory roof highlights a row of windows. Its design features a short vertical wall on top of a roof. The windows allow light to flood into a space while still providing privacy. And in some instances, clerestory roofs can increase the energy efficiency of homes.

You can customize a clerestory roof to fit any house, depending on the windows and roof style you choose.

The Pros and Cons of Clerestory Roofs

While clerestory roofs are a unique design feature, they also have practical advantages.

Pros:

• Increased natural light while maintaining privacy – Since clerestory windows are on a roofline, they provide privacy while allowing natural light into the home.
• Ventilation – Some building designs incorporate these roofs to increase ventilation.
• Solar heat gains – If you live in a cold climate, clerestory roofs can help with solar heat gain when north-facing.
• Aesthetics – Clerestory roofs have a unique look.

Cons:

• Allow a place for heat to escape – Even though north-facing windows allow for solar gains, these windows also give heat a place to escape if the windows aren’t airtight.
• Obstructive light – If you live in an area with many streetlights, the light can enter your home at night through the windows.
• Hard-to-find window coverings – Finding window blinds or shades for clerestory windows can be challenging.
• Upkeep – With a row of windows in a clerestory roof comes the maintenance of keeping the windows in good condition, checking for air leaks, and replacing them when needed.

What’s the Difference Between a Roof Monitor and Clerestory Roof?

A roof monitor is a raised structure built on a double-sloped roof. Roof monitors can be of various sizes and sometimes look like mini-buildings on top of a house. Clerestory roofs feature only one short vertical wall sitting between two slopes. Both designs are often filled with windows but look quite different.

Examples of a Clerestory Roof

If you’d like to see examples of a clerestory roof, here are some images to draw inspiration.

Rustic Mountain Home with Clerestory Roof

As shown in this picture, a clerestory roof doesn’t have to cover your entire roofline. The designers of this home added a clerestory roof with four windows over the front entrance only.

The rest of the roof features different designs that work together for a custom look.

Contemporary Home with a Clerestory Roof

The clerestory roof on this modern home spans from chimney to chimney, highlighting a row of short windows. The roof features a mix of materials – shingles and metal, which helps draw attention to clerestory design.

Clerestory Roof on a Modern Farmhouse

The row of windows on this modern farmhouse adds to the contemporary look while allowing natural light to enter the home. The clerestory roof adds height to this house, drawing the eye up.

Final Thoughts

A clerestory roof is a short vertical wall that sits on top of a roof. The design allows daylight to enter the home and can sometimes help with solar heat gain. But even though clerestory roofs add a unique detail to a roof line, they come with a fair share of potential problems.

If you want a clerestory roof, purchase high-quality windows suitable for your climate. If you try to skimp on window quality, you can end up with a less energy-efficient home.

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Art Deco architecture flourished throughout the world between the years of the World Wars. Art Deco is one of the first true international styles. You can find these buildings from India to the United States.

Art Deco architecture stemmed from designs of the previous art age, Art Nouveau. Yet, it was distinct from them. They reflected a new found hope in the future, the need to look forward and not back. According to Robert McGregor with the Art Deco Trust, Art Deco style reflected “confidence, vigor, and optimism by using symbols of speed, progress, and power.”

What is Art Deco Architecture?

Art Deco architecture was the building design manifestation of the broader artistic movement of the same name. The beginnings of Art Deco architecture can be seen in the works of Josef Hoffman and Auguste Perret in the early 1900s in Vienna and Paris. Yet, Art Deco as a defined style, took shape in 1925 after the Exposition Internationale des Arts Décoratifs et Industriels Modernes in Paris.

The Art Deco movement was a mix of different styles. These included the natural motifs popular in the preceding Arts and Crafts and Art Nouveau styles, the geometric forms popular in Cubism, and the bold colors of Fauvism. Above all, it was a celebration of modernity and machinery, both a sign of progress after the devastation of World War I. Art Deco art forms made their way into designs at every level of human life from fine art and architecture to industrial design and household objects.

Art Deco architecture, like other forms of applied Art Deco design, combines craftsmanship with gorgeous designs and materials. This combination was embraced by architects throughout the world. Also, like the Arts and Crafts movement and Art Nouveau, there was special attention paid to the interior spaces as well as the exterior. It was not just a “gallery” art form, but a cohesive design style for textiles, metalwork, furniture, and wallpaper.

The End and Legacy of the Art Deco Movement

Art Deco was the dominant design style from 1925-1940. But, it became more streamlined during the 1930s and the Great Depression. This new style of Art Deco became known as Streamline Moderne. This style fell out of fashion after the end of World War II.

Art historians understand that design themes are cyclical. According to some trend forecasters in the Washington Post, Art Deco style is primed for a revival. It echoes themes of hope when the world seems gloomy. It signifies comfort and chic that is attractive in these days of uncertainty.

Art Deco Architecture Elements

• Use of geometric detailing for ornate embellishment like repeating, vertical, and harmonious shapes and lines
• Natural motifs including stylized flowers, plants, animals and the female form but using more rectangular forms
• Decorative elements taken from other traditions. These include Japanese woodcuts, Russian ballet, folk art, and ancient traditions like Egyptian and Mesapotamian
• Use of building material consistent with modernity like stucco, glass, chrome, steel, plastics, and aluminum.
• Use of luxurious natural materials such as rock crystal, obsidian, ivory, and jade
• Attention paid to the cohesion of interior and exterior spaces
• Use of bold color to highlight contrast
• Spires and parapets to increase the look of glamor and ascension

Examples of Art Deco Architecture: Interior and Exterior

Art Deco is a style that takes on the characteristics of different locations based on their local design style. We have gathered some global Art Deco architecture examples. See the ways that they each differ according to location.

The Chrysler Building – New York City

William Van Allen and William Reynolds designed the Chrysler Building which builders completed in 1930, it is the tallest brick building in the world with a steel framework. The building stands 1048 feet high. The ornamentation includes the terraced crown top and the stainless steel cladding. It also includes a lush and colorful interior. The interior and exterior design make it one of the most famous examples of Art Deco architecture in the world.

New India Assurance Building – Mumbai, India

Master, Sarhe, and Brute designed the New India Assurance Building. Construction was completed in 1936. The structure features reinforced concrete, a building material common in Art Deco design. The outer facade has strong vertical ribs with stylized classical and folk features. Experts have named these unique decorations and others like it “domestic art deco” or “Bombay deco”.

Fairmont Peace Hotel – Shanghai, China

The Fairmont Peace Hotel, which used to go by the names the Cathay Hotel and the Peace Hotel, stands in the busy city of Shanghai. Victor Sassoon, a British businessman, commissioned the hotel. The building was completed in 1929. The lobby features luxurious materials, decorative geometric shapes, and stained glass. These signify its glorious Art Deco roots.

Empire State Building, New York

The Empire State Building is a skyscraper that decorates the New York City landscape. Builders completed this building in 1931. At 1251 feet and with the addition of a 222-foot antenna in 1950, it remained the tallest building in the world until 1971. The architects Shreve, Lamb & Harmon Associates designed this skyscraper as an Art Deco building. Many know the interior lobby for its superb Art Deco design.

Palais De Chaillot – Paris, France

The Palais de Chaillot is located in the Trocadero Gardens just across the river Seine from the Eiffel Tower. The architects Louis-Hippolyte Boileau, Jacques Carlu, and Leon Azema designed the building for the 1937 International Exhibition of Arts and Techniques Applied to Modern Life.

The interior of the building houses the Theatre national de Chaillot. This features gilded molding, geometric flooring, and colorful wall murals in keeping with the Art Deco style.

Conclusion

Art Deco architecture holds an important place in history and is valued today for its innovative and creative designs. This style helps us remember a time of comfort and luxury. It is an attractive look and effective if you want a change from the spare and edited styles of today.

The post Art Deco Architecture: Buildings that Illuminate This Brilliant Style appeared first on Homedit.

Curtain tops are a distinguishing characteristic of various curtain styles. From structured pleats to industrial grommets, there are such varied designs that you can choose from. Curtain tops have a significant impact on the style of the room, but you shouldn’t feel confined by this.

It is important to understand what style you like, but curtain tops affect much more than just the look and design of your room. They impact the light in the room and the functionality. So, deciding which curtain top style is right for your room should be determined by careful thought.

Curtain Tops: How Do You Choose?

• Decor Style – The style or look you want for your curtains is one of the most important factors in what type of curtain top you choose. For example, if you want to create a formal room, choose a formal curtain header like pleats or a pelmet top. According to House and Garden, many of the old design rules don’t apply anymore. Designers are more willing to use every kind of curtain top in both traditional and contemporary design. So, don’t be afraid to think in unconventional terms when considering possible types of curtain tops.
• Function – The number of times you need to open and close your curtains per day should factor into the type of curtain header you choose. For example, rod pocket curtains are easy to install, but these are more difficult to open and close than curtains attached to a rod by hooks.
• Light – People who require full darkness should consider curtain tops that go to the very top of the window. This would not include tab top curtain types or types of curtains hung with grommets that allow in light. A better choice for blackout curtain tops would be curtains with back tabs or pleated curtains hung above the window frame.
• Material – The type of material you want for your curtains will influence the type of curtain top you choose. For instance, a light floral voile will look best with a small pinch pleat or gathered top rather than a formal goblet pleat. Also, the weight of the fabric will influence the types of curtain tops that will work. Light fabrics like sheers do not form ideal pleats.

12 Popular Types of Curtain Tops

Here are some of the most popular types of curtain tops that you can choose from. This is not an exhaustive list, but we will cover curtain tops of every style. This is a great starting point as you build your knowledge and understanding to choose a style that is right for you.

Pinch Pleats

Pinch pleats are a classic curtain header style that works well for classic as well as formal contemporary style.

With pinch pleats, you can choose a double or a triple pleat. This curtain-style header requires more fabric than other headers and will create fuller curtains.

Choose a curtain header with a buckram if you want your pleats to maintain their crisp shape. You can hang pinch pleat curtains with back tabs but they look best when hung below the curtain rod with hooks and rings. This curtain header style works best with medium-weight fabrics.

Pencil Pleats

Pencil pleats are a pleat style that resembles pencils placed side by side at the top of the curtain. Pencil pleats are a more casual pleat style header than pinch pleats. This style also requires less fabric.

Like pinch pleat headers, you can hang pencil pleat curtains with back tabs on the rod. But, these curtains open and close easier and look more stylish when you hang them with curtain hooks and rings.

Rod Pocket

Rod or pole pocket curtains are a popular curtain top style for ready-made curtains. For this curtain header style, there is an opening at the curtain top that you slide your rod through.

These curtains have a casual and unaffected style that is perfect for farmhouse and cottage decor. The downside of these curtains is that they can be more difficult to open and close. They are most problematic to open and close on a large pole rather than a small one.

Tab Tops

Tab top curtain headers are another common style header for pre-made curtains. These have flat pieces of fabric that loop over the rod.

Like rod pocket curtains, these have a more casual style. Also, like rod pocket curtain tops, tab top curtains are more difficult to open and close on a regular basis. Therefore, these curtain tops work the best with light and medium-weight fabrics.

Grommets

Grommets, also called eyelets, are metal rings inserted into the top of the curtain. These allow you to thread the curtain rod through the top of the curtain. These have a casual style that produces a wave-like look when the curtains are open and have a flat appearance when the curtains are closed.

Unlike other casual-style curtain headers, the rings provide an easy way to open and close your curtains.

Tie Top

Tie top curtains are one of the most casual curtain header styles. These are similar to tab top curtains, but rather than a flat piece of continuous fabric over the rod, these curtains feature two pieces that tie above the rod.

This style works well for casual home decor styles like cottage and country style. Tie tops are more difficult to close. Therefore, these are best reserved for windows where you don’t need to open and close on a regular basis.

Inverted Box Pleats

Inverted box pleats are a curtain header style that reverses the pleat so that there is a front with just regular vertical panels side by side. This kind of pleat has a formal but a simple style that is perfect for contemporary decor.

Inverted box pleat curtains function best when they are attached to drapery hooks and rings. These are a good choice for heavy fabrics like velvet and lined silk.

Goblet Pleat

Goblet pleats have a look that resembles a goblet on the top of the pleat. These are more stylized than other pleat headers. Thus, goblet pleat curtains are more formal in style. This curtain style top will hold its shape best with a buckram attached to the back of the curtain header.

Goblet pleats are a more delicate curtain top shape. Therefore, this pleat style should be reserved for curtains that you don’t have to open and close on a regular basis.

Flat Panel

Flat panel curtain tops have no distinguishing elements that differentiate them from the bottom of the curtain. The way that you attach flat panel curtains to the rod depends on the design of the back of the header. For most flat panel curtains, you would attach them to a rod with rings with clips or drapery hooks attached to rings. When the curtains are open, they resemble more formal pleated curtains.

These are great DIY curtain headers as they require less expertise to make than pleats. They also require less fabric to cover the window.

Euro Pleat

Euro pleats, also called Parisian pleats, are a type of pleated curtain header that are gathered at the top of the pleat rather than the middle. These are a more contemporary style pleat that works well for modern home decor, or for Parisian curtains that blend old and new world styles together.

This curtain top style functions in a smoother way than more casual styles like tab tops. They also allow you to block more sunlight than curtains that hang below the rod.

Pelmet

A pelmet is a wooden frame that is covered with fabric that covers the top of the window and the curtain. Pelmets are a traditional style that is making a comeback in cozy styles like English country house decor.

When used right, pelmets lend a cozy charm to your room and help insulate drafty windows. They also allow you to cover the top of the curtain. Therefore, you can mount your curtain on a track for easier maneuvering.

Valance

A valance, also called a soft pelmet, is a short curtain panel hung at the top of the window. You can use valances alone or use them to create a curtain header.

Valances and pelmets have gotten a dated reputation, but many designers are using them in the current design. They add a touch of whimsy to your room and help to frame the window.

Conclusion

Curtain tops are a vital part of curtain design and help set the tone and functionality in your home. As important as curtain headers are, there is so much room for variety.

Designers are offering new ways to reinvent historic styles with fresh and modern appeal.

Therefore, while this is a style decision you will need to make, there are such gorgeous options available, any curtain top you choose can look beautiful.

The post 12 Popular Curtain Tops: A Guide to Understanding Different Styles appeared first on Homedit.