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Understanding throughput vs latency is essential to understanding network performance. You pay for a fast internet connection, yet a live stream still stutters. The video that loads instantly on one network buffers on another with the “same” speed. The reason is that “fast” is not one number. Network performance is r...

The television in your living room has quietly become a computer. Instead of pulling channels from a cable or satellite signal, it pulls apps and streams from the internet — and that shift has a name: Connected TV, or CTV. It is now the dominant way people watch television, and for anyone building or distributing vid...

Every time a live broadcast cuts cleanly to a commercial and returns without a stutter, something invisible made that switch possible. That something is usually SCTE-35 — the signaling standard that tells downstream systems exactly where an ad break, a program boundary, or a blackout begins and ends....

MPEG-TS vs fMP4 is one of the most important decisions when packaging HLS. At some point, you hit a fork in the road: should your segments be MPEG-TS (.ts) files or fragmented MP4 (.m4s) files? For years there was no choice—HLS meant MPEG-TS, full stop. Today, fMP4 is not only supported but increasingly the default, ...

Video gets all the attention in streaming, but audio is half the experience — and viewers are less forgiving of bad audio than bad video. A stream can drop a rung of video quality and most people shrug; let the audio crackle, desync, or muffle and they leave. Behind every clean-sounding stream is an audio codec quiet...